Greco-Persian Navy War

During the Greco-Persian war (500 B. C. – 449 B. C), many battles took place in this bloody war. Battles were fought on land and at sea. Sea battles played a major role during the war. The Athenian Fleet was among the most sophisticated and powerful navies to date that time. The Persian Armada seemed unbeatable with its vast number of ships and soldiers. The Athenian Navy had a higher kill ratio than the massive Persian Fleet. The Persians and the Athenians both used that same type of ship for sea battles, the trireme. A trireme was warship used in ancient civilizations.They were wooden ships powered by mostly men with oars. The strucural integrity of these ships was remarkable. The average trireme with a length of 120 ft. could hold about 40 tons. These ships weighed about 2,200 pounds. The hull was composed of small yet dense planks held together by interlinking edges. Due to their inovative design these vessels were able to reach top speed reaching almost 10 mph. In the fro nt of the vessel was the primary armament of the ship, the bronze battering ram. The secondary armament included spearmen and bowmen. The two main tactics of naval warfare during ancient times were boarding or ramming.When boarding, the oarsmen on one boat would board the enemy boat and fight to the death. When raming, you would manuever around enemy and strike the enemy ships from the side in order to sink their ships. The Athenian generals were highly effective with their tactics. The Battle of Salamis Like the Battle of Thermopylae, the Greeks were largely outnumbered in the Battle of Salamis. They faced an overwhelmingly large number of Persian ships. The Athenian Fleet Force included according to Herodotus, 366 triremes. The Persian Armada however, included 1,207 triremes. The Athenians were facing a seemingly unstopable force.However, in middle 480 B. C, a storm arose and destroyed one third of Darius’s fleet. The Greeks had two commnaders, Themistocles of Athens and Eu rybiades of Sparta. The commanders of the Persian Fleet were Xerxes of Persia, Artemisia of Caria, and Xerxes’s brother Ariabignes. Artemisia was the only commander in Xerxes’s force to be female. Xerxes’s brother Ariabignes perished in the Battle of Salamis. The Persian’s primary tactic for this battle was to overwhelm the Athenian Navy with their massive armada. Xerxes wanted to end the conquest of Greece in a single military campaign.The Persians were better sailors; they had experienced men and ships that had fought before. The Greeks had unexperienced sailors and new ships. Statisticaly speaking, in an open sea battle, the overwhelming number of Persian ships and experienced sailors should unquestionably defeat the Athenian Navy. The Greeks without many choices had to defend the Island of Salamis. If the Greeks wanted any chance in winning, they would have to bring the Persians someplace where the number of ships would no longer be a variable. Themis tocles sailed his navy to the narrow straits of Salamis in order to constrict Xerxes’s fleet.Once they came through the narrow path, the Spartan Navy began attacking along with the Athenians. The battle was brutal and long. Persians sent wave after wave of triremes to devastate the Greeks. Their efforts were futile for the Greeks had a better tactical position, which was to defend the coast. Persian admiral Ariabignes had died early in the battle. This caused much perplexity among the Persian ships. Confused and without their admiral, their strategy began to fall apart. Artemisia, realizing defeat was imminent, attacked a Persian trireme to trick the Greeks into thinking she was an ally so she could flee.She succesfuly escaped with the conscience of leaving her men to die in battle. The Persians quickly retreated to avoid further losses. Xerxes was furius; upset at the astonishingly incomprehensible loss of his massive fleet. After the battle he said ‘’my men hav e become women, and my women men’’. This Greek victory played a major role in the winning of the war. The battle of Salamis also gave prestige to Athenians and their allies. They now had the most powerful navy in the World. Their navy’s kill/death ratio had rissen by 480%; they were precise, efficient, and above all lethal.

‘Of Mice and Men’ By John Steinbeck Essay

‘Of Mice and Men’-By John Steinbeck is a story involving two very different main Characters-George Milton and Lennie Small, who are trudging difficulty through life with a dream to someday own their own ranch. One of the main themes over the course of the novel is loneliness, and this is quickly introduced within the first chapter or two, as well as giving us an insight as to what life was like during the depression (1929-1938). As Lennie is very simple minded, he is always getting into trouble, and at once point Lennie and George found themselves fleeing from their old working situation in Weed. They later find themselves work on another ranch, where we meet many other characters living similar lives full of unhappiness and despair. We meet the old swamper- Candy, who has only one working hand after getting one caught in a machine. It is here that we begin to get an idea of the lonely life Candy leads, considering he only has one companion- his dog, which was later put out of its misery by another ranch worker who saw it as unfit and a nuisance to itself. Another example of an unhappy character is the stable buck- Crooks. Crooks falls victim to racial discrimination and finds himself living in almost complete solitude because he is black. It seems as though Crooks will always lead a terrible and hopeless life because of the little to no respect or acknowledgement that the other ranch workers give him. The only way Crooks could make companion would be to find another black person, which does not seem very likely. Years of disrespect and neglect from those around him have turned Crooks into a mean and insecure man with absolutely no rights whatsoever! However, he retreats to his reading and his work, looking after the horses. Crook’s does also play horse-shoes, which the men praise him for as he was very skilled in the game. Furthermore, the wife of the boss’s son- known only as ‘Curley’s Wife,’ experiences sexual discrimination. She lives on a ranch where the majority of the people of the people are males, with nothing to do but play records or wander about the ranch looking for somebody to talk to. We learn how Curley’s Wife is trapped in a loveless marriage and how dreams that she could have made much more of herself by perusing her career as an actress had she have not married Curley. In the novel she is not given a name and this shows readers just how insignificant she is to Curley, as well as the other ranch workers. Most of the characters experience some type of prejudice at some point throughout the novel. The only person to really seem happy with the way their life is going si Slim- who is looked up to bye everyone working at the ranch including Curley. Curley’s wife, Crooks and Candy are all lonely with no real friendships with anybody. Although it may seem George and Lennie are unhappy or angry, they are never lonely because they have each other. The thought of someday owning their own ranch pushes them to keep working in such poor conditions, earning only $50 a month! I felt sorry for most of the characters (excluding Curley) as they did not have much to show for the lives they have lived so far with little or no chance of marriage, or remarriage. During this novel, readers experience such themes as racism, prejudice, and discrimination, as well as learning just how lonely and hopeless life seems without having any friends or companions.

Impact of Legal, Government and Business Structures D2 Assignment

Impact of Legal, Government and Business Structures D2 - Assignment Example t problem facing international business code of ethics is the that standard for employment practices which exist between international business field, this is mostly experienced in the case where an unethical practice that might be banned in a developed country might then be perfectly legal in a different less developed country. Connectively, this would allow an international company to set up its own division in a less developed country to take the advantage of such legality to raise its profits which is unethical employment practice. Bribery is a difficult issue where some communities view it as part of their culture, and believe it’s not a big issue that may need to seek prosecution; others perceive it as an expected daily occurrence form f showing gratitude (Brownell, 1997). Cultural diversity and competence practices which are divalent with different backgrounds and beliefs dictate how one behaves, health beliefs which are inherent to cultural beliefs where cultures have varying beliefs about health, treatment and disease. Different cultures have also had many methods of seeking healthy care. Another strong ethical issue which exists is the religious and cultural institutions (Beckmann,

Presenting and Analyzing employment data Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Presenting and Analyzing employment data - Essay Example However, the output from manufacturing industry has increased considerably during the period in which employment declined. The Figure 1.1 provides information on the changes in the manufacturing industry from the previous year. During 1990 to 1994 there has been considerable decline in the employment rate of manufacturing sector. This rate changed from 1994 when there was increase in the growth of jobs in manufacturing sector. However the This is clear from the Figure 1.2 that manufacturing job has declined from 4870 thousands in 1987 to 2867 thousands in the year by 2008. There has been a cyclic movement of the incline and decline of the jobs in manufacturing sector. In 1994 the employment in manufacturing sector was 4074 thousand that increased steadily till 1998 when it reached to 4295 thousands job and than it has started declining. Figure 1.3 (public sector employment) shows the change in output of UK manufacturing industry since 1999. It is indexed relative to the output in 2005. This means that the output in 2005 was given the value 5900. The output in 2005 was given the value 5250. It means this graph shows year –on – year growths 1999 to 2005. After year 2005, there was slowdown for three consecutive years (2006 to 2008) and finally a rapid spurt. The output sharp rise during the years 2008 to 2009. In total there are now more than 6 million people employed in the public sector compared to about 5.2 million. It means 16 per cent output increase in ten years previously. Figure 1.4 shows the details of the actual annual changes in employment that have taken place in the public sector over the past 10 years. It shows that growth was fairly consistent on annual basis in 2000 to 2005. It means approximately 100,000 employment increased in public sector per year. Before a period of slight decline mainly due to a

The Impact of Technology on Education Research Paper

The Impact of Technology on Education - Research Paper Example In the present world,technology has an influence on almost every field of life.However,there are some fields where the impact of technology is more apparent than others.As Thadani states,â€Å"the latest developments in technology can be seen and felt in many industries,but there are some areas that have been benefited more than others† Some of those fields include long distance communication, nursing and healthcare, product design and manufacturing, ecommerce, and education. In this paper, we will discuss the impact of technology on education. The aim is to know how different technologies are making educational system more interactive and beneficial for teachers and learners. Education and technology are directly related to each other. Education feeds technology, which in turn, serves education (Fodje). Technology has become an essential part of all educational systems (Pratt). The reason is that the use of technology in classrooms has opened up a way towards an interactive l earning environment for students where they have an easy access to knowledge. In the present world, the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has become extremely important because of the wide range of benefits associated with it. In the field of education, ICT supports both teachers and learners in exchanging information and knowledge in such a way that communication distances between students and teachers become shorter and access to knowledge becomes easy.... Having discussed the need for using technology in educational sector, let us now discuss some of the ways technology is making the processes of teaching and learning easier for teachers and students respectively. Smart Boards Smart boards help teachers in presenting lectures to large audiences using big white screens. This technology not only benefits teachers in communicating knowledge to students but also helps students in learning the knowledge. Students usually take more interest in studies when their teachers make use of technology for knowledge transfer. As Dekunder states, â€Å"SMART Boards, which are made by SMART Technologies of Canada, are interactive whiteboards that are mounted to a wall, like a chalkboard, and connected to a computer and projector† (1). Here, an important point to mention is that smart board is a newer a technology than ordinary projectors. Using ordinary projectors, teachers cannot make any changes to the display being shown on the screen, where as smart boards have a touch sensitive screen using which one can touch the text and can make changes wherever needed. Smart boards play a major role in creating an interactive learning environment. Another advantage of using smart boards is that teachers do not need to sit behind the computer system all the time while delivering lectures; rather they can move in front of the white screen of smart board to edit the data or to move to the next page or slide. The impact of every technology is positive for education considering the ease they provide to both teachers and students. Smart board is one of those technologies the demand of which is increasing in the educational sector with every passing day because of their reliable and high

Consumers as Victims of Fashion Manipulation Essay

Consumers as Victims of Fashion Manipulation - Essay Example Fashion is a word that everyone admires and all want to be fashionable to be accepted in the egoistic society in which life prospers today. Everything from the color of the handkerchief to the perfume used is a criterion to measure the position of the person in the society. It is more or less a pseudo-prestige donor that the people rush behind it even if their pockets and wallets do not permit. They are compelled to do so by many factors around. To be precise, they are manipulated to consume certain standard of products in the society so as to make others approve them. It is basic human nature to have an urge for praise and admiration and the manipulating factors are well versed with this fact. It is, therefore, a necessity to study the situation and suggest possible solutions for the situation. The study presented here is based on the topic and the method used is secondary literature analysis. Websites like google.com and wikipedia.org are used for the collection of various data. Th e concepts introduced are supported by the examples of various advertisements shown on media. Fashion is a relative concept. Being fashionable is also the same. Fashion has changed from time to time. It is more or less prestige that rules the industry more than anything else. Fashion and being fashionable can be seen as the second side of the coin. The other side is that of consumption. Every fashionable being is expected to spend as much as possible to gain the best possible fashionable attire or accessory.

Nebud Prices Hypothesis Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nebud Prices Hypothesis - Speech or Presentation Example cuss the results of hypothesis test for the average price of houses and average price per square foot of houses in comparison to the borough in which each neighborhood is located. Table 1 to 4 shows the 99% Confidence Interval for the average sale price of houses, average age of houses, average lot size of houses, and average price per square foot of the houses for Staten-Bright and Westbury LI neighborhoods. A 99% confidence interval for the average sale price of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between $400,823 to $463,291. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average sale price of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between $400,823 to $463,291. A 99% confidence interval for the average sale price of houses for Westbury LI neighborhood is between $445,167 to $619,461. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average sale price of houses for Westbury LI neighborhood is between $445,167 to $619,461. A 99% confidence interval for the average age of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between 71.9 years to 85.0 years. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average age of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between 71.9 years to 85.0 years. A 99% confidence interval for the average age of houses for Westbury LI neighborhood is between 48.2 years to 54.7 years. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average age of houses for Westbury LI neighborhood is between 48.2 years to 54.7 years. A 99% confidence interval for the average lot size of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between 3,825 square feet to 4,827 square feet. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average lot size of houses for Staten-Bright neighborhood is between 3,825 square feet to 4,827 square feet. A 99% confidence interval for the average lot size of houses for Westbury LI neighborhood is between 7,590 square feet to 9,647 square feet. Thus, it can be said with 99% confidence that the average lot size of houses

Cancer of the Prostate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cancer of the Prostate - Essay Example Also, it is important to discuss the psychological aspect of the lives of men with this condition. This section will touch on the cognitive functions and emotions of the person regarding his cancer. In addition to those, it would be really helpful to tackle the drugs which are said to have effects on this cancer. Related to the medical aspect of the topic of prostate cancer is the surgery and other medical interventions done in order to alleviate the condition of the patients. It would also be worthwhile talking about any risk factors which could be present alongside different medical and other nature of treatments. It is also appropriate to tackle the process after treatment which includes after-treatment therapy and the corresponding exercise and diet for the patients. The prostate gland of the male reproductive system is located below the urinary bladder. The prostate marks the first part of the urethra. It is composed of 30-50 glands with smooth muscle tissue in between them. The prostate secretes a milky substance which is released at the same time that semen is ejaculated. (MedicineNet.com, 2007) This is characterized by abnormal growth of cells in the prostate gland. This cancer progresses very slowly. This disease can be terminal, many men die because of prostate cancer but many also die because of other health effects of this cancer (McKesson Health Solution, 2006). Figures and statistics: who are affected In the United Kingdom, prostate cancer cases constitute almost a quarter of the male cancer cases. Annually, approximately 32,000 men in the UK are diagnosed with this cancer and almost 30% of these die (Hicks, 2007). It is termed as the most common malignancy of the male urinary tract (Robert-Koch-Institut, n.d). This cancer is more common to older men and to those who are genetically linked to a person with prostate cancer (Hicks, 2007). In general, 20% of prostate cancer patients are in their 50s while 70% are in their 70s (Brawn, Kuhl, Speights, Johnson & Lind,1995). Also, men from western countries, especially those in the Scandinavian region and those with African-Caribbean or African-American blood have higher risks of having prostate cancer (Hicks, 2007). Pathology In relation to the individuals affected by prostate cancer, it can be noted that men of African descent more commonly have high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) (Brawn, Kuhl, Speights, Johnson & Lind,1995). There are low chances of having prostate cancer if the individual has undergone pre-pubertal castration and also for people with liver cirrhosis or hyperestrogenism. It should be noted that prostate cancer is not at all related to sexually transmitted diseases. Also, it is not due to the effects of smoking. Nodular hyperplasia is not related to prostate cancer. (Brawn, Kuhl, Speights, Johnson & Lind,1995) Prostate cancer secretes ten times the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of the normal prostate. The tumours are adenocarcinomas or described as glandular structures originating from glandualar tissue (Dorland's Medical Dictionary, 2007). In cases of prostate cancer, there is a significant arise in the posterior part of the prostate

Battle of Mogadishu (Black Hawk Down) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Battle of Mogadishu (Black Hawk Down) - Essay Example The mission aimed to abduct several top lieutenants and significantly warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid then return to base. The operation intended to last for 90 minutes. The work provides insightful and original analysis of the commander’s performance, based on establishing cohesive teams through mutual trust, use of mission orders, and accepting prudent risk. On 3rd October 1993, Task Force Ranger, U.S. Special Operations Forces comprised of Bravo Company 3rd Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta (better known as â€Å"Delta Force†) operators, and the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne), (â€Å"The Night Stalkers†), attempted to capture Aidid’s foreign minister Omar Salad Elmi and his top political advisor, Mohamed Hassan Awale. The Special Forces elements involved lightly armed warriors fielding submarine guns, automatic rifles, and light machine guns1. Delta Forces members had variety ofi assault rifles whilst Army Rangers depended on the support of squad-level, small-caliber machine guns in the M60 and M249 SAW. In addition, Heavily-caliber, vehicle-mounted 0.50 quality weapons were on lightly armored HUMVEE vehicles. However, main line of heavy support lay in the air cover provided by Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk medium transport and Hughes OH-6 â€Å"Little Bird† light helicopters. The Black Hawks outfitted a pair of 0.50-caliber heavy machine guns while; â€Å"Little Birds† fielded a collection of mini-guns, rocket pods, or M60 machine guns as needed. The Somali militias used AK-47s, rocket propelled grenade launchers (RPG-7), automatic rifles. They convoyed in improvised fighting vehicles. During this period, the Somali guerillas gained several tactical advantages over the US Special Forces. First, the Somali militias engaged on familiar grounds, leaders could muster an Army of several thousand men, and boys in short order. Second, their civilian appearance